Tuesday, January 25, 2005

West Germanic Languages, Characteristics of modern Standard German

German has the following consonants, given here in phonetic symbols because the spelling often varies: stops, p, b, t, d, k, g; fricatives, f, v, ç~x; sibilants, s, z, š, z; nasals, m, n, ; liquids, l, r; glides, h, j. German ç~x, spelled ch, is the voiceless velar fricative x after a, a, o, o, u, u, and au but is the voiceless palatal fricative ç in other phonetic environments. The German sound z occurs only in loanwords

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